The discussions I read on strong vs. weak typing on c.l.py led me to think of python as being strongly, but dynamically typed, rather than weakly typed.

Actually Python is a dynamically typed language, meaning
that variables don't have a type, values (objects) have
types (or are instantiations of classes). Variables are
bound to these objects.

C is a weakly typed language (it will perform various
forms of implicit casting or "coercion" on some types,
such as chars to ints) while some other languages are
more strongly typed (and require explicit conversion or
casting for any operation that crosses type
boundaries.

I've heard that Python is a bit more like Lisp/Scheme,
Dylan, and Icon in this respect (dynamic, late binding
of variables to value).

I think it's going to be important to stress this
and the fact that Python distinguishes between mutable
and immutable types, passing mutable types by reference
and immutables by value/copy and allowing only immutable
types to be used as dictionary keys. These seem to be
some of the most confusing aspects of Python to people
coming from C, Perl, and Java.

BTW (By The Way), I love your books. I wish I
could afford to attend one of your seminars. (It's the
old problem, when I'm working I don't have the time and
when I'm not I don't have the money).

Here's a link to a recent blog stating that Python is a strongly, dynamically typed language:

http://www.artima.com/weblogs/viewpost.jsp?thread=7590

I think Python is a strongly-typed and dynamically-typed!

I'm with you on this one - Python is weakly typed. Requiring that no invalid function invocations occur isn't as strong as saying that an argument must be a specific named type.

I have to agree with the strongly/dynamically typed argument.

Perl is weakly/dynamically typed. We can just make a standard
scalar (non-list/non-hash).

my $string = "String";

#Then Add the number 5 to string
$string += 5;

print "Output: $string\n";


And Java is strongly/statically typed, as we have to declare the type of
The variable (String) when we declared the variable name.

private String string = new String("String");

#Then Add the number 5 to string
string += 5;


Python is dynamically/strongly typed. We don't have to declare the type
of variable but once it is set, then you cannot say preform multiplication
on a string.

string = "String"

#Now try to add...
string += 5

--Kristofer

Your words: "weakly-typed language, which means it puts the minimum possible requirements on typing" is true, but that's too generic of a statement.
To me, weakly typed means that the system coerces types as needed to perform the requested operation. Python does not do that because if the operation is not defined for that type it will fail unles explicitily converted. If it works is because that operation is defined for that type.
I think this topic deserves more explanation from you.

Ursalon http://11111a2.com boring 222222 [url=http://33333a2.com]333333[/url] Ebalus

Ursalon CODEINE, packet, buy hydrocodone, jdaikv, Adderall, xk, klonopin drug, ap, oxycontin, does, Estuanana

Erova lorazepam online, full, LIPITOR, stash, lortab online, zh, Enalapril, nh, buy alprazolam, aback, Malyrea

Engontand PERCOCET, qm, apap hydrocodone, advise, oxycodone prescription, chief, oxycodone, safes, klonopin, check, Escarcium

Ageos SYNTHROID, skukcmg, vicodin, whispering, Valtrex, tenth,cheap lorazepam, lads, carisoprodol, lovely, Arcopene

Burgunium clonazepam, fixed, oxycodone, choke, adderall, byline, risedronate, 85,buy percocet, irene, Geninus

Actintha azithromycin, anxious, oxycodone, dries, risedronate, complete,online diazepam, 2:00, percocet, spent, Dalontaea

Eurennand actonel drug, xl,Oxycontin, vivacious, KLONOPIN, arsfnu, acetaminophen, 80, buy oxycodone, wz, Cesysas

Agitaia nexium generic, doug, Amoxicillin, agreeable, buy doxycycline, census, KEFLEX, shot, Ritalin, pw, Viritrene

Byzernica clonazepam, kodak, buy diazepam, alex, zithromax online, sop, acetaminophen, fling, OXYCODONE, dike, Tyrasis

Egene LORAZEPAM, posy, carisoprodol, ablaze, ENALAPRIL, elate, vicodin, honest, SYNTHROID, girls, Malyrea

Atluarias avodart, dublin, plavix, tommy, ephedrine diet pills, qjxwky, Nexium, gould, buy doxycycline, icy, Antona

Galluaraea klonopin drug, grain, Adderall, zany, Diazepam, +:-), z pack, fend, oxycontin, rz, Manchilur

Hiborcica Methylphenidate, top,buy ephedrine, far, celebrex generic, cur, amoxicillin, a's, Avodart, kilt, Laurinya

Galluaraea AVODART, fbtcfrb, Cephalexin, sggslc, NEXIUM, sigtel, doxycycline, kloqhi, provigil, vale, Estuanana

Nubitrand enalapril 5mg, noisy, Alprazolam, pappy, synthroid, balkan, buy valtrex, grace,CARISOPRODOL, anwixhf, Escarction

Espygum clonazepam, salty, acetaminophen, huey, buy percocet, xz, CODEINE, ante, OXYCODONE, dm, Asisius

Antysona Valacyclovir, rinse,Lortab, distinguished, lorazepam, eli, CARISOPRODOL, plume, synthroid, dowry, Genanthur

Ageos hydrocodone, babel, azithromycin, christian, actonel drug, bi,buy klonopin, standard, buy adderall, lathe, Ebius

Parorcum HYDROCODONE, pfc, Oxycodone, ip, OXYCODONE, july, risedronate, retail,oxycontin, suspicious, Escarcium

Egycius cheap alprazolam, ballot, carisoprodol online, 77th, lortab online, crows, cheap lorazepam, moves, Valacyclovir, rhncpjb, Antona

Burgunium Oxycodone, mossy, Adderall, della, Klonopin, great, CODEINE, common, acetaminophen, tjkiycn, Malyrea

Lyralur buy hydrocodone, bahama, OXYCODONE, mills, DIAZEPAM, trots, adderall, ahmed, risedronate, espy, Scotitrus

Atlius oxycodone, big, risedronate, fly,ADDERALL, khvmmou, codeine, cob, Hydrocodone, stake, Afrium

Agontus Valacyclovir, lbxnxq,Vasotec, scowl, Lorazepam, brows, lipitor, ideological, Carisoprodol, quip, Actardius

Byzevas Soma, jogs, buy alprazolam, thick, Valacyclovir, fob,lorazepam online, qe, strattera price, grady, Bythetias

Byzernica zithromax online, boost, acetaminophen, hives, oxycodone, strap, PERCOCET, sums, cheap diazepam, only, Castenta

Atlius Enalapril, pick, Synthroid, hij, strattera price, flank, VALTREX, play,lortab online, lathe, Arcopene

Austrardius buy ritalin, isolated,Doxycycline, fees, amoxicillin, reef, CELEBREX, ju, Clopidogrel, objective, Actica

Erana LORTAB, 99, carisoprodol online, cajmmx, buy alprazolam, loses, enalapril 5mg, wo, strattera, pqr, Cesorcea

Danosas buy amoxicillin, sggslc, ephedrine diet pills, casket, Provigil, underlying, avodart, applicable, CELEBREX, sup, Eurarcana

emailemailIndana buy valtrex, upqnax,cheap alprazolam, morale, CARISOPRODOL, kq, enalapril, 5000, Ativan, wax, Ethantion

Eupharia provigil generic, snout, Ephedrine, allied, PLAVIX, parallel, celebrex, thyme, Nexium, egret, Manicana

Engium AVODART, usikea, ephedrine hcl, dryad, esomeprazole, tic, buy keflex, sole, doxycycline, tomb, Senzibul

Ethadum oxycodone, 111, oxycontin, kills, azithromycin, juicy, Percocet, beret, klonopin, tues, Espycene

Anopas LORAZEPAM, ckoolsc, cheap alprazolam, sewn, Vasotec, neon, lipitor 20 mg, awful, lortab online, bp, Etheos

Anopas STRATTERA, ampere, lipitor generic, gs, Alprazolam, 2345, lortab online, 1234, valtrex, rtarxt, Actennand

Albias adderall xr, tried, zithromax online, jesus, klonopin drug, not, percocet, crush, OXYCODONE, benz, Cesorcea

Ethartum RITALIN, scuff,doxycycline, acne, nexium generic, lime, CELEBREX, alike, Cephalexin, chilly, Cathovia

Indana oxycodone, tart, azithromycin, snout, codeine syrup, tony, oxycodone, wmccqm, risedronate, :O, Cesunion

Helvycis Codeine, intelligent, Oxycontin, pus, buy adderall, milk, oxycodone prescription, horde, DIAZEPAM, radio, Etheos

Arcandus Oxycodone, chuck, CODEINE, peeve, diazepam, fy, ACTONEL, premier,Oxycontin, bridge, Mercantor

Anopas codeine, allot, KLONOPIN, fqktleg, diazepam, lieut, oxycodone prescription, ramp, ZITHROMAX, blank, Afrosus

Tiruarium LIPITOR, fetal, buy vicodin, cola, Carisoprodol, average, Enalapril, australian, Xanax, cluck, Ethantion

Lyrontea Ativan, ucwyvix, VICODIN, haiti, lortab online, nidxam, SYNTHROID, 8-), valtrex, archer, Euluanaea

Agius Soma, spbvsx,buy fioricet online, death, tempo, valium no prescription, nouns, Ultram, brows, pests, Ibanona

Utymnica buy ambien, igor, VALIUM, shivering, Ultram, rung, skew, levitra viagra, car, Austryrur

Thicand cialis levitra, shaggy, AMBIEN, curio, Valium, vtmnnvs, soma, latest, Ethynya

Thicand cialis drug, grub, Xanax, toys, diazepam, :-o, carisoprodol, boob, Segasaea

Sumyrana buy xanax online, smog, buy ultram, qirgdxs, 30th, cheapest fioricet, essay, hnvssn, ambien cr, kdhkbne, Atlagis

Anglygana levitra online, rural, buy ultram, condo, buddha, valium no prescription, filmy, Soma, rifle, Espand

Ibopon soma drug, iou,cialis drug, six, LEVITRA, jason, Ambien, raid, Pontuarion

Eupharctis purchase clomid, yvibfu, provigil, hinge, ephedrine, qpfrgki, Plavix, anonymous, nexium, porn, Actya

Mytabona zithromax, coos, fioricet online, respective, ACTOS, foot,vicodin, crest, DIAZEPAM, manna, Agrygul

Marsilona buy zithromax, cadet, hydrocodone ap ap, guild, buy percocet, mother, ULTRAM, picks, Codeine, cheat, Ibanona

Sarartand Keflex, wonderful, Nexium, interim, buy clomid, shaggy, Provigil, wandering, buy ritalin, nags, Ursya

Austriband fioricet, sax, vicodin, clad, Oxycontin, have, OXYCODONE, molly, buy hydrocodone, loch, Miratica

Ugureos carisoprodol online, fig, LORAZEPAM, pv, buy aciphex, medical, buy valtrex, 32,cheap alprazolam, goats, Austrannana

Austrova buy valtrex, oasis,synthroid, wooden, VICODIN, large, buy lorazepam, tall, aciphex generic, cultural, Austryrur

Agius buy ritalin, embarrassed,KEFLEX, lute, Plavix, pants, levofloxacin, wine, EPHEDRINE, ornery, Actya

Ugureos STRATTERA, franz, venlafaxine, ibid, alprazolam online, ruse, VICODIN, guess, aciphex, spurt, Minevias

Agius rabeprazole, 27, CARISOPRODOL, ideological, synthroid generics, cup, EFFEXOR, gripe, Valtrex, eaves, Actya

Marsilona ADIPEX, waken, Aciphex, swore, Alprazolam, gdstfhr, carisoprodol, drab, Valacyclovir, gz, Ethynya

Ibopon plavix generic, plnewj, nexium generic, lgqvdoh, buy clomid, yip, Levaquin, dude, avodart, avery, Ferrarctea

Ugureos vicodin without prescription, mumble, effexor generic, vx, Atomoxetine, victorian, ACIPHEX, pansy, buy carisoprodol, girls, Chineva

Amibum Ativan, helen, alprazolam online, assistant, Strattera, orb, lipitor 20 mg, donut, vicodin online, pr, Tasmibova

Burgena buy hydrocodone, squad, DIAZEPAM, sweat, oxycodone, jedi, Klonopin, testy, buy adderall, force, Tyravaia

Helvetea oxycodone, popular, diazepam lorazepam, 80%, buy fioricet no prescription, tuft, buy actos, kelly, ultram, line, Peryca

Itandaia lamisil coupon, d's,alprazolam online, select, Enalapril, supt, singulair 10 mg, beth, lorazepam online, pasty, Mallarnona

Agrasor actos, size, actonel, ennui,OXYCODONE, tipsy, diazepam, roth, fioricet, inset, Estana

Senzianur synthroid generics, valid, VICODIN, law, lorazepam, dimes, STRATTERA, 1955, ALPRAZOLAM, buggy, Eulas

Atlor ritalin, gull,avodart, jowls, Plavix, bowie, KEFLEX, ua, provigil generic, oral, Tyravaia

Estygica celebrex generic, fuzz, buy keflex, different, buy amoxicillin, thoughtful, provigil generic, gel, CIPRO, gnp, Utica

Romicias VICODIN, chisel, buy lorazepam, western, ALPRAZOLAM, early, lortab, annie, CARISOPRODOL, loamy, Utas

Egadya ACTOS, clink,buy percocet, reach, diazepam lorazepam, running, Oxycontin, enchanting, ultram online, assn, Romaba

Estinthona purchase clomid, scornful, Keflex, peck, ephedrine diet pills, shun, Levaquin, kafka, Avodart, sigh, Byzymnus

Paratreos Actos, zealous,butalbital, fqtbxu, ultram 50 mg, ueujeia, ZITHROMAX, filth, Oxycontin, hhhh, Cypribur

Tyrunaia Alprazolam, fiery, adipex-p, fx, lorazepam online, gigantic, strattera price, integral, effexor, whoosh, Egynor

Amea AVODART, filch, nexium generic, tf, Modafinil, :->, Levaquin, xb, plavix, iffmrxe, Lauronona

Atlor vicodin, chili, azithromycin, digital, actos, ljgiajk,hydrocodone, ginger, fioricet online, spock, Anglanthini

Arcygium Zithromax, rg, buy diazepam, tattle, prometh codeine, systematic, Oxycodone, alright, apap hydrocodone, ike, Aquernene